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+// Copyright (c) 2007, Google Inc.
+// All rights reserved.
+//
+// Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+// modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
+// met:
+//
+//     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+// notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+//     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
+// copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
+// in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
+// distribution.
+//     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
+// contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
+// this software without specific prior written permission.
+//
+// THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+// "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+// LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
+// A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+// OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+// SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+// LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+// DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+// THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+// (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+// OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+//
+//  MachIPC.h
+//
+//  Some helpful wrappers for using Mach IPC calls
+
+#ifndef MACH_IPC_H__
+#define MACH_IPC_H__
+
+#import <mach/mach.h>
+#import <mach/message.h>
+#import <servers/bootstrap.h>
+#import <sys/types.h>
+
+#import <CoreServices/CoreServices.h>
+
+//==============================================================================
+// DISCUSSION:
+//
+// The three main classes of interest are
+//
+//  MachMessage:    a wrapper for a mach message of the following form
+//   mach_msg_header_t
+//   mach_msg_body_t
+//   optional descriptors
+//   optional extra message data
+//
+//  MachReceiveMessage and MachSendMessage subclass MachMessage
+//    and are used instead of MachMessage which is an abstract base class
+//
+//  ReceivePort:
+//    Represents a mach port for which we have receive rights
+//
+//  MachPortSender:
+//    Represents a mach port for which we have send rights
+//
+// Here's an example to receive a message on a server port:
+//
+//        // This creates our named server port
+//        ReceivePort receivePort("com.Google.MyService");
+//
+//        MachReceiveMessage message;
+//        kern_return_t result = receivePort.WaitForMessage(&message, 0);
+//
+//        if (result == KERN_SUCCESS && message.GetMessageID() == 57) {
+//          mach_port_t task = message.GetTranslatedPort(0);
+//          mach_port_t thread = message.GetTranslatedPort(1);
+//
+//          char *messageString = message.GetData();
+//
+//          printf("message string = %s\n", messageString);
+//        }
+//
+// Here is an example of using these classes to send a message to this port:
+//
+//    // send to already named port
+//    MachPortSender sender("com.Google.MyService");
+//    MachSendMessage message(57);      // our message ID is 57
+//
+//    // add some ports to be translated for us
+//    message.AddDescriptor(mach_task_self());     // our task
+//    message.AddDescriptor(mach_thread_self());   // this thread
+//
+//    char messageString[] = "Hello server!\n";
+//    message.SetData(messageString, strlen(messageString)+1);
+//
+//    kern_return_t result = sender.SendMessage(message, 1000); // timeout 1000ms
+//
+
+namespace google_breakpad {
+#define PRINT_MACH_RESULT(result_, message_) \
+  printf(message_" %s (%d)\n", mach_error_string(result_), result_ );
+
+//==============================================================================
+// A wrapper class for mach_msg_port_descriptor_t (with same memory layout)
+// with convenient constructors and accessors
+class MachMsgPortDescriptor : public mach_msg_port_descriptor_t {
+ public:
+  // General-purpose constructor
+  MachMsgPortDescriptor(mach_port_t in_name,
+                        mach_msg_type_name_t in_disposition) {
+    name = in_name;
+    pad1 = 0;
+    pad2 = 0;
+    disposition = in_disposition;
+    type = MACH_MSG_PORT_DESCRIPTOR;
+  }
+
+  // For passing send rights to a port
+  MachMsgPortDescriptor(mach_port_t in_name) {
+    name = in_name;
+    pad1 = 0;
+    pad2 = 0;
+    disposition = MACH_MSG_TYPE_COPY_SEND;
+    type = MACH_MSG_PORT_DESCRIPTOR;
+  }
+
+  // Copy constructor
+  MachMsgPortDescriptor(const MachMsgPortDescriptor& desc) {
+    name = desc.name;
+    pad1 = desc.pad1;
+    pad2 = desc.pad2;
+    disposition = desc.disposition;
+    type = desc.type;
+  }
+
+  mach_port_t GetMachPort() const {
+    return name;
+  }
+
+  mach_msg_type_name_t GetDisposition() const {
+    return disposition;
+  }
+
+  // For convenience
+  operator mach_port_t() const {
+    return GetMachPort();
+  }
+};
+
+//==============================================================================
+// MachMessage: a wrapper for a mach message
+//  (mach_msg_header_t, mach_msg_body_t, extra data)
+//
+//  This considerably simplifies the construction of a message for sending
+//  and the getting at relevant data and descriptors for the receiver.
+//
+//  Currently the combined size of the descriptors plus data must be
+//  less than 1024.  But as a benefit no memory allocation is necessary.
+//
+// TODO: could consider adding malloc() support for very large messages
+//
+//  A MachMessage object is used by ReceivePort::WaitForMessage
+//  and MachPortSender::SendMessage
+//
+class MachMessage {
+ public:
+
+  // The receiver of the message can retrieve the raw data this way
+  u_int8_t *GetData() {
+    return GetDataLength() > 0 ? GetDataPacket()->data : NULL;
+  }
+
+  u_int32_t GetDataLength() {
+    return EndianU32_LtoN(GetDataPacket()->data_length);
+  }
+
+  // The message ID may be used as a code identifying the type of message
+  void SetMessageID(int32_t message_id) {
+    GetDataPacket()->id = EndianU32_NtoL(message_id);
+  }
+
+  int32_t GetMessageID() { return EndianU32_LtoN(GetDataPacket()->id); }
+
+  // Adds a descriptor (typically a mach port) to be translated
+  // returns true if successful, otherwise not enough space
+  bool AddDescriptor(const MachMsgPortDescriptor &desc);
+
+  int GetDescriptorCount() const { return body.msgh_descriptor_count; }
+  MachMsgPortDescriptor *GetDescriptor(int n);
+
+  // Convenience method which gets the mach port described by the descriptor
+  mach_port_t GetTranslatedPort(int n);
+
+  // A simple message is one with no descriptors
+  bool IsSimpleMessage() const { return GetDescriptorCount() == 0; }
+
+  // Sets raw data for the message (returns false if not enough space)
+  bool SetData(void *data, int32_t data_length);
+
+ protected:
+  // Consider this an abstract base class - must create an actual instance
+  // of MachReceiveMessage or MachSendMessage
+
+  MachMessage() {
+    memset(this, 0, sizeof(MachMessage));
+  }
+
+  friend class ReceivePort;
+  friend class MachPortSender;
+
+  // Represents raw data in our message
+  struct MessageDataPacket {
+    int32_t      id;          // little-endian
+    int32_t      data_length; // little-endian
+    u_int8_t     data[1];     // actual size limited by sizeof(MachMessage)
+  };
+
+  MessageDataPacket* GetDataPacket();
+
+  void SetDescriptorCount(int n);
+  void SetDescriptor(int n, const MachMsgPortDescriptor &desc);
+
+  // Returns total message size setting msgh_size in the header to this value
+  mach_msg_size_t CalculateSize();
+
+  mach_msg_header_t  head;
+  mach_msg_body_t    body;
+  u_int8_t           padding[1024]; // descriptors and data may be embedded here
+};
+
+//==============================================================================
+// MachReceiveMessage and MachSendMessage are useful to separate the idea
+// of a mach message being sent and being received, and adds increased type
+// safety:
+//  ReceivePort::WaitForMessage() only accepts a MachReceiveMessage
+//  MachPortSender::SendMessage() only accepts a MachSendMessage
+
+//==============================================================================
+class MachReceiveMessage : public MachMessage {
+ public:
+  MachReceiveMessage() : MachMessage() {};
+};
+
+//==============================================================================
+class MachSendMessage : public MachMessage {
+ public:
+  MachSendMessage(int32_t message_id);
+};
+
+//==============================================================================
+// Represents a mach port for which we have receive rights
+class ReceivePort {
+ public:
+  // Creates a new mach port for receiving messages and registers a name for it
+  explicit ReceivePort(const char *receive_port_name);
+
+  // Given an already existing mach port, use it.  We take ownership of the
+  // port and deallocate it in our destructor.
+  explicit ReceivePort(mach_port_t receive_port);
+
+  // Create a new mach port for receiving messages
+  ReceivePort();
+
+  ~ReceivePort();
+
+  // Waits on the mach port until message received or timeout
+  kern_return_t WaitForMessage(MachReceiveMessage *out_message,
+                               mach_msg_timeout_t timeout);
+
+  // The underlying mach port that we wrap
+  mach_port_t  GetPort() const { return port_; }
+
+ private:
+  ReceivePort(const ReceivePort&);  // disable copy c-tor
+
+  mach_port_t   port_;
+  kern_return_t init_result_;
+};
+
+//==============================================================================
+// Represents a mach port for which we have send rights
+class MachPortSender {
+ public:
+  // get a port with send rights corresponding to a named registered service
+  explicit MachPortSender(const char *receive_port_name);
+
+
+  // Given an already existing mach port, use it.
+  explicit MachPortSender(mach_port_t send_port);
+
+  kern_return_t SendMessage(MachSendMessage &message,
+                            mach_msg_timeout_t timeout);
+
+ private:
+  MachPortSender(const MachPortSender&);  // disable copy c-tor
+
+  mach_port_t   send_port_;
+  kern_return_t init_result_;
+};
+
+}  // namespace google_breakpad
+
+#endif // MACH_IPC_H__